Main Ref. | Cham, M.A., 1992 |
---|---|
Remarks | Inhabits the intertidal zone of rivers and estuaries (Ref. 101380). Also in mangrove estuaries where it is often associated with the air roots of mangrove trees, coastal rocks and stones (Ref. 101381). Often seen attached to the stilt roots of the red mangrove Rhizophora spp., fringing lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 106421). Also found on low subtidal level attached to rocks, shells, or stones on muddy sand bottoms (Ref. 109255). Oyster assemblage confers protection and food for various invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 101381). Filter-feeder, feeds on phytoplankton (green algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates) and substrate particles (Ref. 106999). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic: endofauna (infauna); Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Kamara, A.B., 1982 |
Special habitats | Beds: rock; vegetation ( roots/holdfast, ); |
Special habitats Ref. | Obodai, E.A., K. Yankson and J. Blay Jr, 1991 |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Adite, A., S.P. Sonon and G.L. Gbedjissi, 2013 |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | Adite, A., S.P. Sonon and G.L. Gbedjissi, 2013 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |