Main Ref. | Spurgeon, A., 2007 |
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Remarks | Widely distributed along temperate and tropical coastlines (Ref. 121755). Lives in hard substratum in estuarine areas (Ref. 116730). Also on rocky intertidal shores and mudflats (Ref. 121755). Attached to pier pilings (Ref. 75840). Depth estimate based on ecology (Ref. 116730). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Parker, L.M., W.A. O’Connor, D.A. Raftos, H.O. Pörtner and P.M. Ross, 2015 |
Special habitats | Other habitats: pilings; |
Special habitats Ref. | Valentich-Scott, P., 2003 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | Lee, J.H., G.F. Birch, T. Cresswell, M.P. Johansen, M.S. Adams and S.L. Simpson, 2015 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |