Main Ref. | Pierce, E.L., 1958 |
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Remarks | Epiplanktonic, neritic, outer continental shelf. Hypersaline specialist (Ref. 116105). Mean latitude of occurrence = 16 (NS); No known presence in China (Ref. 125708). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Pauly, D., C. Liang, W. Xian, E. Chu and N. Bailly, 2021 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Pierce, E.L., 1958 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |