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Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
ชื่อสามัญ | ชื่อพ้อง | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
นิเวศวิทยา
; ระดับความลึก 20 - 800 m (Ref. 441), usually 200 - 600 m (Ref. 88009). Temperate, preferred 16°C (Ref. 107945); 72°N - 27°N, 25°W - 27°E
Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: From Finnmark, Norway south to Libya west to the Canary Is. and east to Aegean Sea. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / ขนาด / น้ำหนัก / Age
Maturity: Lm 3.2, range 2 - 5.5 cm Max length : 24.0 cm BL เพศผู้/กระเทย; (Ref. 441); common length : 19.0 cm BL เพศผู้/กระเทย; (Ref. 441)
Total body length: 8 to 24 cm, usually between 10 to 20 cm (Ref. 4). Found in the continental shelf and slope (Ref. 94799). Epibenthic (Ref. 87524). Sedentary (Ref. 94799). Inhabits muddy bottoms in which it digs its burrows. Nocturnal and feeds on detritus, crustaceans and worms (Ref. 4). An active predator or scavenger (Ref. 94757). Another isotope data (δ15N=6.26±0.14, n=3, Ref. 106518).
Ovigerous females are found practically throughout the year, the eggs laid around July are carried for about 9 months (Ref. 4). 1 brood per year (Ref. 81133); 1.6 cm postlarval size (Ref. 81161); 1 month of pelagic period (Ref. 81160).
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
การประมง: การค้า
FAO - การประมง: landings, species profile | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | ทะเลรอบๆเรา
เครื่องมือ
แหล่งที่มาจากอินเตอร์เน็ต
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 3.3 - 13.7, mean 7.8 (based on 273 cells).
ความสามารถในการกลับคืนสู่ปกติ
ขนาดกลาง, เวลาต่ำสุดที่จะทำให้ประชากรเพิ่มขึ้นเป็น 2 เท่าใช้เวลา 1.4 - 4.4 ปี (K=0.03-0.44; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.75, Based on 36 full stock assessments.
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (14 of 100).