Main Ref. | Williams, A.B., L.G. Abele, D.L. Felder, H.H. Hobbs Jr., R.B. Manning, P.A. McLaughlin and I. Pérez Farfante, 1988 |
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Remarks | Inhabits extensive marshes and swamps, among emergent vegetation, snags, clinging to the undersides of vegetation mats. Omnivorous, mainly feeds on algae but also consumes dead leaves, insects, and other benthic coarse particular organic matter (Ref. 111183). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: demersal; |
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Substrate Ref. | Wessell, K.J., R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins, 2001 |
Special habitats | vegetation |
Special habitats Ref. | Wessell, K.J., R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins, 2001 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Wessell, K.J., R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins, 2001 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.28 | 0.07 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |