Microcosmus exasperatus   Heller, 1878


Warning: DOMDocument::load(): SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages: error:140770FC:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:unknown protocol in C:\Apache24\htdocs\includes\SpeciesSummary.lib.php on line 1236

Warning: DOMDocument::load(): Failed to enable crypto in C:\Apache24\htdocs\includes\SpeciesSummary.lib.php on line 1236

Warning: DOMDocument::load(https://sealifebase.nrm.se/webservice/AquaMaps/getAMap.php?genus=Microcosmus&species=exasperatus): failed to open stream: operation failed in C:\Apache24\htdocs\includes\SpeciesSummary.lib.php on line 1236

Warning: DOMDocument::load(): I/O warning : failed to load external entity "https://sealifebase.nrm.se/webservice/AquaMaps/getAMap.php?genus=Microcosmus&species=exasperatus" in C:\Apache24\htdocs\includes\SpeciesSummary.lib.php on line 1236
Upload your photos 
 Google image |

No photo available for this species.
No drawings available for Pyuridae.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Ascidiacea | Stolidobranchia | Pyuridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Sessile; depth range 0 - 17 m (Ref. 116065).  Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Indo-West Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean: East Africa, Subantarctic, Southeast America. Tropical and subtropical.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 5.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 86424)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Identified as a possible Lessepsian migrant, present at least in Red Sea and eastern Mediterranean (Ref. 85347). Also found on coral reefs (Refs. 415, 102332), in mangroves (Ref. 1757, 86424), specifically on their roots (Ref. 102332), piers and pilings (Ref. 86424). Present in all warm, very shallow seas and is common in harbors and ship hulls (Ref. 2673). Solitary (Ref. 1758). Filter-feeder (Ref. 68823).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Ascidiacea are hermaphroditic; both cross- and self-fertilization is typical. Life cycle: Eggs develop into lecithotrophic larva before metamorphosing into benthic adults.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Collin, R., M.C. Díaz, J. Norenburg, R.M. Rocha, J.A. Sánchez, M. Schulze, A. Schwartz and A. Valdés. 2005. (Ref. 415)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses


| FishSource |

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 22.5 - 29.2, mean 27.7 (based on 4546 cells).
Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.