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Cephalopoda |
Spirulida |
Spirulidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
大洋性; 深度上下限 100 - 1750 m (Ref. 1695). ? - 10°C (Ref. 1695); 69°N - 32°S, 89°W - 160°W
Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical oceanic waters. Tropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 30 - ? cm Max length : 4.5 cm ML 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1695)
Minimum depth from Ref. 106682. Rarely exceeds 4.5 cm ML (Ref. 1695). Migrates from 550 to 1000 meters during the day, and 100 to 300 meters at night (Ref. 106682). Young is captured at depths 1,000 to 1,750 m, which suggests that females lay eggs on bottom of continental slopes (Ref. 1695). Dead shells washed up on the beaches often in large numbers (Ref. 88739).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.). 2005. (Ref. 1695)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 March 2009
CITES狀態 (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
人類使用
| FishSource |
工具
更多資訊
年龄/大小成長長度-重量長度-長度型態特徵仔魚豐度
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 4.7 - 11.6, mean 7.1 (based on 951 cells).
價格種類
Unknown.